Terminal Buttons
Terminal buttons exist at the ends of the many branches that divide out from the axon. The terminal buttons receive the message transferred down the axon, store them in their synaptic vesicles and are responsible for then secreting these transmitter substances.
These transmitter substances are called neurotransmitters. The terminal buttons release these message carriers into the synapses the junctions between two neurons, usually between the terminal buttons of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron. These messages are transferred in one direction. For this reason, the transferring neuron is the presynaptic membrane, while the receiving neuron is the postsynaptic membrane. The area between these membranes into which the neurotransmitters are released is called the synaptic cleft.
When the axon of a neuron fires ( i.e. propagates an electrical charge ), the synaptic vesicles fill up with the transmitter substance, adhere to the presynaptic membrane and then rupture. The transmitter substance is then released into the synaptic cleft, where it may or may not be picked up by the postsynaptic receptors of another neuron's membrane.
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Chemical transmission:
Types of synapses:
Transport:
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